Prescribing pattern of antibiotics in pediatric department of a tertiary care teaching hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20201758Keywords:
Antibiotics, Cephalosporins, Prescribing pattern, Pediatrics, RationalityAbstract
Background: Prescription is an order from doctor for medicine. Rational use of medicines requires that "patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements, for an adequate period of time, and at the lowest cost to them and their community". Irrational use of medicines is a major problem worldwide. This leads to serious morbidity and mortality also leads to reduction in the quality of treatment due to antibiotic resistance. Evaluation of prescribing pattern will help in minimizing adverse drug reactions, resistance among children. Also help to know the attitude of the physicians towards prescribing. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the prescription pattern of antibiotics in paediatric inpatients of Hassan institute of Medical Sciences.
Methods: A prospective study, conducted among 110 patients below the age of 18 years and being treated with antibiotics were included in our study. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Out of 110 patients, female (58) and male (52) are enrolled in the study from inpatient paediatrics department, majority of patients belonged to age group of 0-5 years (74%), respiratory tract infections 29 (35%) , gastrointestinal infections 26 (22%) and central nervous system in 9 (11%). Out of 227 antimicrobial agent, about 83.48% were cephalosporins, followed by ciprofloxicin (33.94%), amoxicillin (32.11%), and amikacin (6.42%).
Conclusions: Cephalosporins (ceftriaxone) were most commonly used antibiotic, which covers gram positive, gram negative and anaerobic organism.
References
Medicine Net. Introduction to antibiotics. New York City. 2007.
Bhartiy SS, Shinde M, Nandeshwar S, Tiwari SC. Pattern of prescribing practices in the Madhya Pradesh, India. Kathmandu Univ Med J. 2008;6:55-9.
Ferris TG, Saglam D, Stafford RS, Causino N, Starfield B, Culpepper L. Changes in the daily practice of primary care for children. Arch Pediat Adole Med. 1998;3:227-33.
Pulcine C, Pradier C, Long C, Hyvernat H. Factors associated with adherence to infectious diseases advice in two intensive care units. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006;57:546-50.
Shankar PR, Upadhyay DK, Subish P, Dubey AK, Mishra P. Prescribing patterns among pediatric inpatients in a teaching hospital in western Nepal. Singapore Med J. 2006;47(4):261-5.
Roberts AW, Visconti JA. The rational and irrational use of systemic antimicrobial drugs. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1972;29:828-34.
Laing RO. Rational drug use: an unsolved problem. Trop Doct. 1990;20(3):101-3.
Srishyla MV, Krishnamurthy M, Rani MA. Prescription audit in an Indian hospital setting using the DDD (defined daily dose) concept. Indian J Pharmacol. 1994;26:23-8.
Niederman MS. Appropriate use of antimicrobial agents: challenges and strategies for improvement. Crit Care Med. 2003;31:608-16.
Nambiar S, Richard H, Schwartz K, Michael JS. Antibiotic use for upper respiratory tract infection, how well do pediatric resident do. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156:621-4.
World Health Organization: How to investigate drug use in health facilities: selected drug use indicators, Geneva, 1993, EDM Research Series No. 007. Available at: http:// apps.who.int/ medicinedocs/ pdf/s2289e/s2289e.pdf. Accessed on 22 July 2017.
Shankar P, Partha P, Nagesh S. Prescribing patterns in medical outpatients. Int J Clin Pract. 2002;56(7):549-51.
WHO. The selection and use of essential medicines. Technical report series No 946. Geneva: WHO Press. 2007.
Arulmouli SK, Sivachandiran S, Perera BJC. Prescribing patterns of antibiotics for children in Jaffna teaching hospital. Sri Lanka J Child Health. 2009;38:121-3.
Kanish R, Gupta K, Juneja S, Bains HS, Kaushal S. Prescription pattern of antibiotics in the department of pediatrics in a tertiary care medical college and hospital in northern India. Asian J Med Sci. 2014;5(4):69-72.
Rybak MJ. Combination antimicrobial therapy for bacterial infections. Guidelines for the clinicians. 1996;52(3):390-405.
Ramesh A, Sangeeta SS, Hussainy RS. Analysis of antimicrobial prescriptions in pediatric patients in a teaching hospital. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2012;5(2):124-8.
Jana SK, Mondal P, Bhattacharya SK. A historical perspective on the rational use of drugs (RUD) in India. Indian J Pharmacol. 2006;38:374-5.
